{"author":"Ivan Illich","author_id":"Ivan+Illich","total_quotes":38,"quotes":[{"text":"In the late Middle Ages the stupefying simplicity of the heliocentric model was used as an argument to discredit the new astronomy. Its elegance was interpreted as naivete...Just as the legendary inquisitor refused to look through Galileo's telescope, so most modern economists refuse to look at an analysis that might displace the conventional centre of their economic system.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["economics","iconoclasm","orthodoxy"],"id":15080,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Modern medicine is a negation of health. It isn't organized to serve human health, but only itself, as an institution. It makes more people sick than it heals.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["health","medicine","people "],"id":42116,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Excessive forms of wealth and prolonged formal employment, no matter how well distributed, destroy the social, cultural, and environmental conditions for equal productive freedom.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["employment","freedom","wealth"],"id":52916,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Most learning is not the result of instruction. It is rather the result of unhampered participation in a meaningful setting. Most people learn best by being 'with it,' yet school makes them identify their personal, cognitive growth with elaborate planning and manipulation.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["education","experience","learning","teaching"],"id":66132,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"P3- every simple need to which an institutional answer is found permit the invention of a new class of poor and a new definition of poverty.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["industrialism-social-divide","poverty"],"id":75995,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Schools are even less efficient in the arrangement of the circumstances which encourage the open-ended, exploratory use of acquired skills, for which I will reserve the term 'liberal education.' The main reason for this is that school is obligatory and becomes schooling for schooling's sake: an enforced stay in the company of teachers, which pays off in the doubtful privilege of more such company. Just as skill instruction must be freed from curricular restraints, so must liberal education be dissociated from obligatory attendance. Both skill-learningand education for inventive and creative behavior can be aided by institutional arrangement, but they are of a different, frequently opposed nature.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["education","schools"],"id":76640,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Wherever the shadow of economic growth touches us, we are left useless unless employed on a job or engaged in consumption...We lose sight of our resources, lose control over the environmental conditions which make these resources applicable, lose taste for self-reliant coping with challenges from without and anxiety from within.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["consumption","economics","employment","growth","jobs","self-reliance"],"id":85490,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Effective health care depends on self-care this fact is currently heralded as if it were a discovery. ","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["discovery","care","health care "],"id":119160,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Housework, handicrafts, subsistence agriculture, radical technology, learning exchanges, and the like are degraded into activities for the idle, the unproductive, the very poor, or the very rich. A society that fosters intense dependence on commodities thus turns its unemployed into either its poor or its dependents.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["dependence","economics","employment","idleness","poverty","social-classes","wealth"],"id":160188,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"},{"text":"Our market-intensive societies measure material progress by the increase in the volume and variety of commodities produced. And taking our cue from this sector, we measure social progress by the distribution of access to these commodities. Economics has been developed as propaganda for the takeover by large-scale commodity producers.","author":"Ivan Illich","tags":["commodities","economics","markets","progress","propaganda","society"],"id":169951,"author_id":"Ivan+Illich"}],"pagination":{"page":1,"page_size":10,"total":38,"pages":4,"next":"?page=2\u0026page_size=10"}}